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تقارب بين موسكو وطوكيو… ولا حل لمسألة الجزر

Capture d’écran 2016-09-03 à 00.11.52اتفق الرئيس الروسي فلاديمير بوتين ورئيس الوزراء الياباني شينزو ابي الجمعة على تعزيز التعاون الاقتصادي بين البلدين اللذين يدور نزاع بينهما منذ عقود حول جزر الكوريل.

وقال وزير الخارجية الروسي سيرغي لافروف اثر اللقاء ان المباحثات بين الجانبين التي جرت في فلاديفوستوك باقصى الشرق الروسي على هامش منتدى الشرق الاقتصادي، “تطرقت الى مختلف اشكال الاقتصاد”.

لكنها لم تقتصر على الاقتصاد بل شملت “مجمل مجالات التعاون”، بحسب ما اضاف.

وفي مستهل اللقاء قال ابي “ان اليابان مستعدة بصفتها دولة مجاورة لبذل اقصى ما يمكنها من جهود من اجل تطوير التعاون الروسي الياباني”.

من جهته قال بوتين الذي يستقبل ابي للمرة الثانية هذه السنة “من المهم للغاية تقديم دعم سياسي” للمستثمرين الراغبين في تطوير العلاقات الاقتصادية الثنائية.

وكان ابي اشار في ايار/مايو في ختام محادثات في سوتشي (جنوب) الى “تقدم” بشان تسوية مسالة الجزر المتنازع عليها، وافادت الخارجية اليابانية ان الزعيمين اوصيا باجراء “مفاوضات تقوم على نهج جديد لا تعرقله طرق تفكير قديمة”.

وقبل ان يستقل الطائرة الى فلاديفوستوك، اعرب ابي عن “تصميمه على احراز تقدم حول معاهدة السلام ومسالة الاراضي من خلال مفاوضات صريحة وشاملة” مع بوتين.

وفي اشارة تهدئة من الجانب الروسي، اعلنت موسكو قبل بضعة ايام من اللقاء ان بوتين سيقوم في كانون الاول/ديسمبر بـ”زيارة تاجلت لفترة طويلة” الى اليابان. ولم يزر الرئيس الروسي اليابان منذ 2005.

غير انه لم يعلن تحقيق اي اختراق بشان الجزر المتنازع عليها اثر اللقاء.

ويتعلق الخلاف بين روسيا واليابان باربع جزر من ارخبيل الكوريل احتلها الاتحاد السوفياتي في نهاية الحرب العالمية الثانية وتطالب بها اليابان، ما حال دون توقيع البلدين اتفاق سلام منذ نهاية الحرب.

وتتعثر المفاوضات حول هذه الجزر البركانية الاربع التي تسميها اليابان ارض الشمال، منذ ان ضمت روسيا شبه جزيرة القرم الاوكرانية في آذار/مارس 2014، في خطوة نددت بها طوكيو انسجاما مع موقف الغرب.

وردا على سؤال لوكالة بلومبرغ عما اذا كانت روسيا على استعداد للتخلي عن احدى جزر الكوريل لليابان لقاء تعزيز التعاون الاقتصادي مع طوكيو، رفض بوتين الجمعة نهائيا فكرة “اي تبادل او اي بيع”.

وقال “اننا لا نبيع اراضينا” مشيرا الى ان المطلوب هو “السعي الى حل يجنب كلا من الفريقين اي ضرر”.

وكان المتحدث باسم الكرملين ديمتري بيسكوف صرح الخميس ان مسالة جزر الكوريل “لن تكون اطلاقا المسالة الرئيسية على جدول اعمال” اللقاء. واضاف الجمعة ان “حل هذه المسالة يتطلب التوصل الى تسوية”.

وخلال زيارة ايار/مايو كان ابي اقترح على بوتين خطة تعاون من ثماني نقاط تشمل خصوصا الطاقة والصناعة والزراعة.

من جانبها سلمت روسيا التي تخضع لعقوبات اقتصادية يابانية بسبب الازمة الاوكرانية، لليابان لائحة من “49 مشروعا واعدا” في هذه المجالات، بحسب مستشار الكرملين يوري اوشاكوف.

واضاف اوشاكوف الذي شارك في اللقاء مع الوفد الياباني “اليوم قدم زملاؤنا اليابانيون افكارا مفصلة بشان تعاون ناجع بشان كل هذه المقترحات”.

وفي حين تراجع حجم المبادلات التجارية بين البلدين عام 2015 بنسبة 31% الى 21,3 مليار دولار، بحسب الكرملين، تعهد البلدان الجمعة البدء بشكل ملموس ب”بعض المشاريع” المنبثقة من هذه الافكار على ان يتم ذلك اثناء زيارة بوتين لليابان، بحسب لافروف.

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