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اسرائيل تسمح لمئات آلاف من المدنيين بحمل السلاح

أدخلت إسرائيل تعديلات على قوانينها المتعلقة بحيازة أسلحة بما يسمح لمئات آلاف المدنيين بطلب الحصول على رخصة سلاح، وذلك في خطوة تقول السلطات إنها ستعزز الأمن لكن آخرين يقولون إن من شأنها إثارة العنف.

وهذه التغيرات التي أعلنتها وزارة الامن العام في ساعة متأخرة الإثنين يعني أن ما يصل إلى 600 ألف إسرائيلي يمكن ان يتقدموا بطلبات للحصول على رخصة سلاح، علما بأن 140 ألف مدني يملكون حاليا رخص سلاح.

غير أن مصدرا في وزارة الامن العام قدر أن 35 ألف شخص سيكونون مهتمين بطلب رخص سلاح بموجب القواعد الجديدة.

وقال وزير الأمن العام جلعاد اردان إن التعديلات يمكن أن تساعد في منع “هجمات منفردة” من جانب فلسطينيين نفذوا هجمات بسكاكين واسلحة وعمليات دهس بالسيارات أسفرت أحيانا عن سقوط قتلى.

غير أن عدد من الاشخاص قتلوا عن طريق الخطأ أحيانا في الفوضى عقب تلك الهجمات، فيما اتُهم عناصر الأمن الإسرائيليون في بعض الحالات باستخدام القوة المفرطة.

وقال اردان في بيان إن “العديد من المدنيين أنقذوا أرواحا خلال هجمات، وفي عصر +إرهاب الذئاب المنفردة+ كلما زاد عدد المدنيين المدربين على حمل السلاح، ازدادت فرص منع هجمات وتقليل الإصابات”.

وبموجب القوانين الجديدة، يُسمح لأي إسرائيلي تلقى تدريبا مكثفا على القتال مع قوات المشاة أن يطلب رخصة سلاح.

ويتعين على معظم اليهود الاسرائيليين القيام بالخدمة العسكرية الإلزامية بعد بلوغ 18 عاما، لكن عددا قليلا جدا منهم يتلقى تلك التدريبات.

وقال البيان إنه يحق أيضا لمتطوعي الشرطة ومسعفين وضباط عسكريين سابقين طلب رخصة سلاح.

وقبل التعديلات كان المعيار الرئيسي لطلب رخصة سلاح — بخلاف الذين لديهم دواع مهنية كالصيادين وتجار الألماس — هو مكان إقامة مقدّم الطلب.

وغالبا ما يحصل المستوطنون أو إسرائيليون آخرون يعملون في الضفة الغربية المحتلة على رخصة سلاح. ومن الشائع رؤية مستوطنين إسرائيليين في مستوطنات عشوائية نائية في الضفة الغربية، يتنقلون بأسلحتهم.

ولا تغيّر القوانين الجديدة إجراءات التدقيق والفحص التي بحسب اردان هي “من الأشدّ”.

وقال للإذاعة العامة الثلاثاء “ليس هناك أي نية للوصول إلى وضع يشبه ذلك الذي في الولايات المتحدة”.

وأضاف “هنا ندقق في ماضي الأشخاص وصحتهم ومنها صحتهم العقلية — يتعين الحصول على إذن من وزارة الصحة والشرطة”.

وقوبل قرار اردان بانتقاد من سياسيين يساريين عبروا عن خشيتهم من أن تؤدي زيادة الذين يملكون سلاحا إلى مزيد من أعمال العنف.

وقال ميشال روزين من حزب ميريتس إن الأحكام الجديدة لن تقلل من خطر وقوع هجمات بل “ستزيد بشكل كبير الخطر على أرواح النساء والأطفال” في حالات العنف الأسري.

وقال دوف حنين النائب اليهودي من “القائمة المشتركة” العربية اليهودية في الكنيست، إن خطة اردان ستؤدي إلى مزيد من الأسلحة في بلدات عربية حيث تمثل الأسلحة غير المرخصة مشكلة خطيرة.

واتهم قادة من عرب إسرائيل الشرطة بإهمال بلدات عربية والسماح بانتشار الجريمة فيها.

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