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٦٦ طائرة حربية لتايوان: الصين تفرض عقوبات على ركات أأميركية

نددت الصين الأربعاء ببيع الولايات المتحدة 66 طائرةً حربية من نوع “أف-16” إلى تايوان وتعهدت بفرض عقوبات على الشركات الأميركية الضالعة ببيع هذه الطائرات.

وأعلنت الولايات المتحدة الثلاثاء أنها وافقت على بيع تايوان مقاتلات في صفقة تقدر قيمتها بثمانية مليارات دولار، جاءت بعد شهر من صفقة بيع أسلحة أخرى أثارت الجدل كذلك.

ويأتي ذلك في ظل توتر في العلاقات بين واشنطن وبكين على خلفية أشهر من الحرب التجارية.

وأعلن المتحدث باسم الخارجية الصينية غنغ شوانغ خلال مؤتمر صحافي “ستتخذ الصين كافة التدابير الضرورية لحماية مصالحها، ومن ضمنها فرض عقوبات على الشركات الأميركية الضالعة في عملية بيع الأسلحة هذه إلى تايوان”.

واعتبر الصفقة “تدخلاً خطيراً في شؤوننا الداخلية وتقويضاً لسيادتنا ومصالحنا الأمنية”.

وتعتبر الصين تايوان جزءاً لا يتجزّأ من أراضيها. ويحكم الجزيرة نظام منافس بعد سيطرة الشيوعيين على الحكم في الصين القاريّة عام 1949، في أعقاب الحرب الاهلية الصينية.

وتايوان غير معترف بها كدولة مستقلة في الأمم المتحدة.

وتهدد بكين باللجوء إلى القوة في حال إعلان تايبيه استقلالها أو في حال تدخل خارجي فيها، خصوصاً من واشنطن.

وأعلن وزير الخارجية الأميركي مايك بومبيو الثلاثاء أن الرئيس الأميركي دونالد ترامب وافق على الصفقة بعد إبلاغ الكونغرس رسمياً بها الأسبوع الماضي.

وقال بومبيو إن مقاتلات أف-16 “تتوافق بشكل عميق مع الترتيبات والعلاقة التاريخية بين الولايات المتحدة والصين”، موضحاً أن “تصرفاتنا متوافقة مع السياسات الأميركية الماضية، نحن فقط نفي بالتزامات اتخذناها إزاء كل الأطراف”.

وقالت الصين إنها رفعت احتجاجاً دبلوماسياً ضد الصفقة، وحضت الولايات المتحدة الأربعاء على “التراجع فوراً عن مشروع بيع الأسلحة هذا، والتوقف عن بيع أسلحة لتايوان، وقطع كل علاقاتها العسكرية مع تايوان”.

وتريد تايوان تحديث دفاعاتها الجوية وسط خروق متزايدة لسلاح الجو الصيني لمجالها الجوّي.

وقال المتحدث باسم الرئاسة التايوانية تساي إينغ-وين إن مقاتلات إف-16 “تعزز بشدة قدراتنا الدفاعية الجوية”.

وتملك تايوان أصلاً أسطولا من طائرات أف-16 حازت عليه عام 1992.

وتتناول الصفقة الأخيرة مع الولايات المتحدة أجهزة أكثر حداثة ومزودة بتقنيات وأسلحة محدثة. وتشتمل إضافة إلى المقاتلات على 75 مفاعلاً ورادارات وقطع غيار مختلفة وأسلحة مختلفة.

وقطعت واشنطن علاقاتها الدبلوماسية مع تايبيه عام 1979 للتمكن من الاعتراف بحكومة بكين الشيوعية كالممثل الوحيد عن الصين، لكنها تبقى أقوى حلفاء تايوان والمصدر الأول لتزويدها بالسلاح.

ويسعى الرئيس دونالد ترامب إلى تعزيز العلاقات بالجزيرة وأبدى استعداداً أكبر لبيعها منظومة تسلّح متطوّرة.

وأعلنت الخارجية الأميركية في تموز/يوليو عن صفقة بقيمة 2,2 مليار دولار لبيع تايوان 108 دبابات قتالية و250 قاذفة صاروخية أرض-جو.

وردت بكين حينها بالإعلان “عن عقوبات ضد الشركات الأميركية الضالعة في الصفقة”.

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