الرئيسية » مدونات » هارولد هيمان Harold Hyman »

يلعب الأكراد لعبة منفردة فهم ليسوا مع الأسد وليسوا مع الثوار.

هارولد هيمان
في المناطق الكردية في شمال سوريا، حيث يعيش الفلاحون الأكراد (علماً بأن يوجد آلاف من الأكراد في المدن الكبرى إن لم نقل مئات الآلاف) بدأت الأعلام الكردية ترفرف وحلت محل أعلام الأسد… ومحل أعلام الثوار ناهيك عن بعض أعلام القاعدة التي رفعت لفترة بسيطة.
وكان لي حديث مع «روشن وردي» من «المؤسسة الكردية في باريس»، فتقول : «لا توجد إحصاءات في سوريا عن عدد الأكراد ويعود السبب إلى أن حافظ الأسد قد سحب الجنسية من حوالي الـ٣٥٠ ألف كردي قبل أن تعاد لهم حقوقهم مؤخراً».
وتقول وردي بأن «حزب عمال كردستان» (PKK) هو حزب معارض ومتمرد يستهدف تركيا. ومنذ ٤٠ سنة الحزب والحكومة التركية في قتال مستمر ويمكن القول إن هذه الحرب خلفت مئات الآلاف من الضحايا. في سوريا يوجد «حزب الاتحاد الكردستاني» (PYD) وهو الموازي السوري لحزب العمال، كما يوجد أيضاً «المجلس الوطني الكردي» الذي يضم عدة أحزاب وهو بات تحت رعاية مسعود البرزاني رئيس منطقة كردستان العراقية، ويدعم الأكراد بعضهم البعض وإن هم لا يسعون لتوحيد أراضيهم على اعتبار أن هذا المشروع هو «الجنون بحد ذاته».
ومنذ عدة أسابيع سحب بشار الأسد يده من المنطقة الكردية وترك المجلس الوطني الكردي يدير هذه المناطق، ومن هنا تهمة رجب طيب أوردوغان للأسد بأنه «سلم الحكم للأكراد». ولكن في الواقع فإن هذا الخيار هو خيار تكتيكي من قبل الأسد. فقد سحب كل جنوده ما عدا القوات التي تحمي القامشلي ويبقى الجنود في ثكناتهم. وقد سحب الأسد قواته رغم تسليحهم القوي والذي كان يمكنهم من فرض النظام على القوى الكردية.
في السابق استعمل حافظ الأسد الأكراد ضد تركيا.
بعد فترة انفتاح بين تركيا وحزب العمال بسيطة في عام ٢٠٠٧ عاد التوتر إلى العلاقات بينهما. دون أن يمنع هذا علاقات مع أكراد العراق، غير أن العمليات العسكرية عادت في عام ٢٠٠٩على نطاق واسع في تركيا، وعادت معها شياطين القوميات. وهكذا تخلى حزب التنمية والعدالة، حزب أوردوغان، عن الحل السلمي للمسألة الكردية.
أوردغان يدعي اليوم الحق في مطاردة الأكراد داخل سوريا، وكأنه يريد معاملة كافة الأكراد وكأنهم أعضاء في حزب العمال الكردي التاريخي، سوريا كما في العراق.
يقول المجلس الوطني الكردي «في حال حصلنا على إدارة حرة لمناطقنا فلن نغير في حدود سوريا». ولكن هذا لا يمكن أن يحصل إلا إذا كان هناك حكومة ديموقراطية في دمشق. إلا أن المجلس الوطني السوري أبرز المعارضات السورية لا يريد البحث في مبدأ اللامركزية. لهذا فشلت مفاوضات التقارب بين المجلسين.
ولكن للمفارقة فإن رئيس المجلس الوطني السوري عبد الباسط سيدا هو كردي الأصل ! ولكن بعض الأكراد يعتبره «خائناً للقضية». ويحاكي هذا الوضع الوضع الكردي في العراق: جلال طلباني بات رئيساً للعراق. وهذا أخف الشرور فهو على الأقل يوحد الأطراف.
في النهاية يمكنني أن أقول إن «الساسة الأكراد لديهم قدرة تأقلم كبيرة للاستفادة من الظروف».
Harold Hyman

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