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هل تطبع روسيا للنظام السوري أوراقه النقدية؟

افاد موقع بروببليكا الاستقصائي أن روسيا تدعم نظام الرئيس السوري بشار الأسد بطرق خفية أخرى من خلال طبع اوراق نقدية يدفع بها رواتب جنوده وموظفي الجهاز الاداري.

واستند الموقع الى سجلات رحلات جوية تتضمن تفاصيل شحنات جوية من مطار فنوكوفو في موسكو الى مطار دمشق الدولي عبر الأجواء الايرانية و/أو العراقية. وتبين هذه السجلات ان ما لا يقل عن 120 الى 240 طنا من الأوراق النقدية  نُقلت على امتداد عشرة اسابيع خلال الفترة الواقعة بين تموز/ يوليو وايلول/ سبتمبر في ما لا يقل عن ثماني رحلات ذهابا وايابا تجنبت التحليق عبر المجال الجوي التركي بعد التوتر الذي نشأ بين النظام السوري وتركيا منذ الربيع الماضي.

ورغم ان السجلات لا تحدد نوع العملة المشحونة أو قيمتها فان تقارير أفادت في وقت سابق بأن روسيا وافقت على طبع ليرات سورية للأسد بعد ان الغت الشركة النمساوية التي كانت تطبعها العقد الموقع مع حكومة دمشق في ايلول/ سبتبمر 2011.

وامتنع المسؤولون السوريون والروس عن التعليق على صحة هذه الأنباء وسجلات الرحلات الجوية، بحسب موقع بروببليكا الذي أكد حدوث جميع الرحلات تقريبا بعد التحقق منها عن طريق خدمات رصد جوية وصور وتسجيلات المراقبة الجوية.

وتبين سجلات الرحلات الجوية الثماني بين موسكو ودمشق ان كل رحلة كانت تحمل 30 طنا من الاوراق النقدية الى سوريا. وهناك سجلات طيران باللغتين العربية والانكليزية وكذلك نسخ طلبات مقدمة الى ايران للتحليق في اجوائها مكتوبة بالفارسية.

وقال مسؤولون اميركيون ان الأدلة المتوفرة على تقديم معونة نقدية الى جانب التعاون العسكري تشير الى نمط من الدعم الروسي للأسد يمتد من المساعدات الملموسة الى حماية النظام من عقوبات الأمم المتحدة.

ونقل موقع بروببليكا عن مسؤول اميركي طلب عدم ذكر اسمه ان تمويل آلة الحرب يزداد صعوبة وكلفة الحرب تصبح أبهظ على نظام الأسد. واضاف “ان العقوبات الموجهة ضد من يقودون حملة البطش تؤدي مفعولها وبدأت تقضم مواردهم المالية”.

واعلن وزير المالية السوري محمد الجليلاتي ان روسيا توفر اوراقا نقدية بديلة وعملة اضافية “تعكس التغير الحاصل في اجمالى الناتج المحلي”، على حد تعبير “سانا”.

وقال الجليلاتي ان هذه النقود لن يكون لها تأثير على معدل التضخم. ولكن طبع اوراق نقدية جديدة بكميات تتعدى استبدال النقود القديمة يمكن ان يقوض قيمة العملة السورية المتدهورة اصلا.

وكانت 30 طنا على الأقل من النقود نُقلت وقت اجتماعات المسؤولين السوريين مع نظرائهم الروس في موسكو ، كما يظهر من سجلات الرحلات الجوية وشُحنت 210 اطنان اخرى في رحلات لاحقة.

وقال الباحث في مركز كارنغي للشرق الأوسط وخبير الاقتصاد السياسي المقيم في الاردن ابراهيم سيف ان شحن 30 طنا من الاوراق النقدية مرتين في الاسبوع كمية كبيرة بالنسبة لبلد مثل سوريا. واعرب عن اعتقاده بأن العملية لا تقتصر على استبدال نقود قديمة بأخرى جديدة “بل هم يطبعون النقود لأنهم يحتاجون الى اوراق نقدية جديدة”. وتابع سيف “ان غالبية ايرادات الحكومة تتحقق من الضرائب، ومن ناحية الخدمات الأخرى فانها جفت تقريبا الآن. وهم ما زالوا يدفعون الرواتب ولم تظهر أي علائم ضعف في تنفيذ التزاماتهم الداخلية، والطريقة الوحيدة التي تتيح لهم ان يفعلوا ذلك هي ضخ نقود من نوع ما الى السوق”.

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