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وفاة سلطان ومعادلة الخلافة

موت وليّ العهد، الأمير سلطان بن عبد العزيز، عن عمر يناهز 86 سنة، لا يستوجب أساسا تغيير لعبة معادلة الخلافة التّي ترتكز عليها المملكة.
لسنوات عديدة وهو يصارع المرض، الأمير سلطان لم يعد قادراً لممارسة مهامه السّياسية بأحسن وجه وهذا منذ شهور طويلة، فمعظم وقته كان يقضيه في مستشفيات الولايات المتحدة، حيث وافته المنية.
ولاية العهد أصبحت من نصيب الأخّ غير الشّقيق للملك عبد الله، الأمير نايف بن عبد العزيز، أمّا حقيبة وزارة الدّفاع التّي ترأسّها الأمير الرّاحل سلطان منذ 49 سنة، يمكن أن تعود لابنه خالد شريطة أن يخلق هذا التّعيين توازنا سياسيا دقيقا مع مراكز أولاد عبد الله وأولاد النّايف.
التّاريخ سيحتفظ بالدّور العظيم للأمير سلطان كرجل متعصرن في إحداث القوّات الحربية السّعودية، بحيث ضاعف عددهم ليزيد عن 100 ألف رجل، كمّا أنّه ساق عمليات التّوقيع على عقود تسلّح ضخمة ومربحة إلى حين إقرار الملك عبد الله بخلق نوع من الانسجام والتّرتيب في هذه العمليات غير الأكيدة والتّي تضمّنت مبالغ مالية كبيرة خلال الثّلاثين سنة الأخيرة.
وذكر ممن كان يعرفه جيّدا، وهو فرنسي، أنّ الأمير سلطان “كان ودّيا جدّا وذكيّا جدّا”، ويضيف هذا المختصّ في العلاقات الفرنسية العربية أنّ الأمير سلطان “كان دائما يروي لنا حديثه مع ديغول عندما التقى بالملك فيصل الرّاحل”.
“هاه، أنت هو وزير الدّفاع الفرنسي الثالث عشر الذّي استقبله”، خاطب مرة نظيره الذّي خال له أنّ الأمير سلطان يستكبر عليه أو يستصغره.
ولم يكن الأمير سلطان ليقبل أن يلقّنه أحد دروسا، وفي هذا الشّأن (ولغريب الصّدف) كان لميشيل أليوت ماري رواية معه، فقد حدث أن التقت مع الأمير عندما كانت آنذاك وزيرة الدّفاع وتجرّأت، تحت تعليمات الرّئيس السّابق جاك شيراك، نقد علنا تمويل السّعودية للحركات السّلفية عبر العالم، فلم يكن بوسع الأمير، وهي تذكر لحدّ اليوم، إلاّ القيام فورا بتقليص اللّقاء.
وفاة الأمير سلطان سيؤدّي إلى عقد اجتماع لمجلس البيعة، ويضمّ هذا الجهاز 34 عضوا من المملكة الحاكمة، وهو سيقوم بالموافقة على اختيار وليّ العهد المقبل.
وفي حالة ما إذا وقع الاختيار على شخصية الأمير نايف كولي عهد السّعودية المقبل، هذا يعني أنّه سينتهج مسارا تحفظّيا، فمنذ مرض الأمير سلطان الرّاحل، قام الأمير نايف بتمديد نفوذه، لاسيما في استعادة ملف اليمن الذّي كان بيدّ الأمير سلطان.
وتمّت مراسيم الجنازة هذا الثلاثاء في الرّياض، حضرته العديد من الشّخصيات الدّولية، ومن المفترض أن يحضر جيرار لونجيه، وزير الدّفاع الفرنسي، لتمثيل بلده. وحتّى وإن كانت مرحلة ما بعد الأمير سلطان، تظهر وجوها مألوفة، إلاّ أنّ وفاته ستكون باعث حقن جديد في صراعات النّفوذ بين الأمراء في شأن خلافة السّلطان عبد الله بن عبد العزيز، البالغ من العمر 87 سنة والذّي يعاني هو الآخر من وعكات صحّية. وأجرى السّلطان عبد الله، عملية في ظهره الاثنين الماضي وكان قد أجرى قبل عمليتين اثنتين نهاية عام 2010، في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية.

Georges Malbrunot

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