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رحيل أوشيما مخرج فيلم «أمبراطورية الأحاسيس»

رحل المخرج الياباني «ناغيسا أوشيما» أمس بعد صراع طويل مع المرض في مستشفى في طوكيو عن عمر يناهز ٩٠ عاماً. وقد اشتهر أوشيما عندما أخرج فيلم  وقد أنتج فيلم إمبراطورية الأحاسيس عام ١٩٧٦ والذي سبب ضجة كبيرة، بسبب تسليطه الضوء على «الجنس في المجتمع الياباني». يعتبر أوشيما من مؤسسي الموجة الجديدة التى بدأت ١٩٥٩  وشملت مثقفين تقدميين مثل « شوهي ايمامورا» و«ماساهيرا شينودا» و«يوشيجي يوشيدا» و«مساهيرو شينودا». وقد بدأت هذه الموجة بفيلم «مدينة الحب والأمل» لأوشيما حيث عبر فيه عن ميوله الثورية والعنف وفضه للأفلام الكلاسيكية التقليدية السائدة آنذاك ورغم أنه وسم أفلامه بعامل الترابط العائلي من جهة واحترام كبير للامبرطور رمز اليابان، إلا أنه تميز بتفضيله للعنف والجريمة وخصوصاً الجنس والانحراف الجنسي واللذة. وتلى ذلك فيلم «قصص الشباب الأليمة» عام ١٩٦١ وفيلم «لذة الجسد» عام ١٩٦٥حيث أراد أن يكون الفيلم بالأسود والأبيض وحلل فيه انحلال الروابط العائلية وتراجع سلطة الأب. في عام ١٩٦٨ وفي سياق سياق ربيع الشباب في العالم أخرج أول فيلم سياسي «الشنق» في انتقاد مباشر لمحكومية الإعدام في العالم. وأتبعه في السنة التالية بفيلم ينتقد التميز العنصري تحت عنوان «الحفل». وفي عام ١٩٧٥ بدأ التحضير للعمل الذي سوف يشهره في العالم «أمبرطورية الأحاسيس» الذي يدور حول أحداث وقعت في الثلاثينيات وبطلته «سادا أبي» التي خضت عشيقها ف يلحظة حب جامح. وقد حول أوشيما هذه الجريمة إلى «فن إيروتيكي» من الطراز الأول. وقد تعرض هذا الفيلم لمنع الرقابة في العديد من الدول الغربية حتى في الولايات المتحدة وكذلك في اليابان. فقط فرنسا سمحت بتوزيعه كما هو من دون رقابة، قد يكون لأن المنتج كان فرنسيا (أناتول دومان Anatole Dauman)، ويعرض هذا الفيلم منذ ٣٦ سنة من دون انقطاع في الصالات الصغيرة في بعض العواصم الأوروبية. . وفي ١٩٧٨ أخرج فيلم «أمبرطورية العواطف» ولكن لم يحز الإعجاب ولا الشهرة كسابقه.
أنتج فيلم «فوريو» البريطاني «جيريمي توماس» (Jeremy Thomas) وكان لجوء أوشيما للانتاج الأوروبي إشارة إلى تراجع السينما اليابانية وقدرتها على إنتاج أفلام ضخمة. وقد أعطى فيه الدور لـ «دافيد بويي» (David Bowie ).
في عام ١٩٨٤ أخرج فيلم «عيد ميلاد سعيد مستر لورانس»، وفي عام ١٩٨٦ أخرج فيلم «ماكس يا حبي» ولعبت دور البطولة فيه «شارلوت رامبلينغ» (Charlotte Rampling)) مثلت دور بورجوازية تعشق قرداً وقد فشل الفيلم تجارياً وقاد إلى إفلاس أوشيما. في عام ١٩٩٦ تعرض لجلطة دماغ تسبب له بشلل أجبره على التقل بكرسي. وفي عام ١٩٩٩ ، وبعد غياب طال لسنوات أنجز فيلم «تابو» المثير للجدل والذي تدور قصته حول المثلية في عالم الساموراي، والذي قدم في مهرجان كان عام ٢٠٠٠.
لأوشيما الكثير من الكتابات في فن السينما وحاز في اليابان على لقب «كنز وطني» وهو أعلى تقدير يمكن أن يحصل عليه من يقدم خدمات جليلة لبلاده.

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