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الصراع على النخيب ينذر بحرب طائفية في العراق

قد يشعل خلاف إداري في العراق بين محافظة كربلاء، التي تسكنها غالبية شيعية، ومحافظة الأنبار ذات الغالبية السنية، حول جزء متنازع عليه من الصحراء في الغرب، صراعاً طائفياً، بعد أن أجج كمين، أوقع قتلى من الزوار الشيعة خلال سيرهم في الصحراء في سبتمبر/ ايلول الماضي، خلافا عالقا منذ فترة طويلة بين كربلاء والأنبار على منطقة صحراوية شاسعة تُعرف باسم النخيب وتؤدي الى سوريا والسعودية، جارتي العراق.
وتمثل الأراضي المتنازع عليها في العراق نقطة اشتعال محتملة للاضطرابات، مع رحيل القوات الأميركية بعد اكثر من ثماني سنوات من الغزو الذي أطاح بالرئيس الراحل صدام حسين. وتقع المناطق المثيرة لأكبر المخاوف في الشمال حول كركوك الغنية بالنفط.
ولم يكن الخلاف على النخيب الممتد منذ عقود معروفاً على نطاق واسع، إذ كانت المنطقة جزءا من كربلاء، لكن صدّام حسين سلمها للأنبار. وقد نشب الخلاف من جديد حين أُجبر 22 شخصا، معظمهم زوار شيعة، على النزول من حافلة، وقتلوا بالرصاص في 12 سبتمبر/ ايلول الماضي.
وقال مسؤول كبير في حكومة كربلاء، طلب عدم نشر اسمه لحساسية الموضوع: “حققت جريمة النخيب نجاحا اكبر من المخطط له، وأوصلت هذا الخلاف الى مستوى الانفجار”. وأضاف: “اذا حدثت واقعة صغيرة مشابهة لما حدث في النخيب فقد يتفجر كل شيء”.
وتغطي الكتابات والرايات السوداء، المطالبة بالانتقام، الجدران الخارجية للمباني الحكومية في كربلاء حدادا على ضحايا النخيب. وكتبت على عشرات الملصقات التي تحمل صور نعوش الضحايا على خلفية سوداء عبارة “أقل ما يمكن أن نقدمه لشهداء النخيب إعادتها الى كربلاء”.
وبعد هجوم 12 سبتمبر/ ايلول، توجهت سلطات كربلاء الى الأنبار وألقت القبض على عدد من المشتبه فيهم، مما فاقم التوتر.
وتمثل النخيب ثلث مساحة أراضي الأنبار تقريبا وتبلغ مساحتها أربعة آلاف كيلومتر مربع من الصحراء تتناثر فيها الوديان والتلال. وتنتشر في المنطقة كهوف كبيرة وهي مخابيء مثالية يمكن أن تستخدمها الجماعات المسلحة.
وقال نائب رئيس مجلس محافظة كربلاء المهندس نصيف جاسم محمد الخطابي، في تصريح لوكالة “يو بي أي” إن “منطقة النخيب منطقة تعود الى كربلاء حتى العام 1977، عندما قرر مجلس قيادة الثورة المنحل الحاقها بالأنبار. وكانت النية وراء ذلك منع كربلاء من أن يكون لها منفذ على الحدود الدولية”.
وتكمن أهمية النخيب في موقعها الاستراتيجي كمنطقة لعبور الحجاج الى السعودية، وتقع قرب منطقة الكيلو 160، وهي مركز كبير للمطاعم ومحطات الوقود على الطريق السريع المؤدي للأردن وسوريا.

وتظهر الخرائط الرسمية أن النخيب كانت جزءاً من كربلاء طوال عدة سنوات في السبعينات، الا أن خريطة ترجع الى عام 1969 تشير الى أنها كانت جزءا من الأنبار. وتظهر خريطة للعراق، منسوجة على بساط صنع عام 1939 ويعرضها المتحف البريطاني، امتداد كربلاء الى حدود السعودية.

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