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الأمم المتحدة: لإنشاء مخيمات في لبنان للاجئين السوريين

قالت مسؤولة بالمفوضية العليا للامم المتحدة لشؤون اللاجئين انه يجب على لبنان ان يبحث انشاء مراكز لاستيعاب موجات اللاجئين الفارين من سوريا وقد يتعين عليه اقامة مخيمات رسمية للاجئين اذا استمر تدفق اللاجئين.

ويستضيف لبنان بالفعل 260 الف لاجيء -أي ما يعادل 6.5 بالمئة من تعداد سكانه- وسعى لاستيعابهم في منازل وفي مجتمعات خوفا من ان يؤدي تجمع السوريين السنة في مخيمات كبيرة الى اثارة توترات طائفية مازالت مستعرة منذ الحرب الاهلية اللبنانية في الفترة بين عامي 1975 و1990 .

لكن الايقاع المتسارع للنزوح نتيجة للقتال الدامي في سوريا يعني ان عدد السوريين الذين سيطلبون المساعدة في لبنان ينمو بمعدل 3000 يوميا مما يترك السلطات والمفوضية العليا للامم المتحدة لشؤون اللاجئين تكافح من اجل تلبية احتياجاتهم.

وقالت نينيت كيلي ممثلة المفوضية لرويترز ليل الجمعة “هذا البلد الصغير … الذي يعادل حجمه ربع حجم سويسرا وعدد سكانه أربعة ملايين نسمة يستقبل 260 ألف لاجيء.”

وأضافت “أعتقد ان ما نحتاج الى البدء في عمله هو الاستعداد في نهاية الامر حيث قد لا نتمكن من ايجاد اماكن مأوى واقامة كافية في ضوء المستويات الحالية للطلب.”

واستطردت “نصحنا الحكومة بأن الوقت ربما حان للبدء في اقامة موقعي عبور على الاقل” حيث يمكن تقديم مأوى مؤقت وطعام للاجئين قبل العثور على مكان اقامة آخر. وأضافت “كبداية سيكون هذا شيئا جيدا.”

وقالت ان المفوضية العليا للامم المتحدة لشؤون اللاجئين أعدت خطط طواريء لاقامة مخيمات لاجئين رسمية اذا استمر النزوح الحاشد لكن يتعين ان يتم هذا باذن من الحكومة اللبنانية.

وقالت في مقابلة من مقر المفوضية في جنوب بيروت “نحن نعد خطة لاقامة مخيمات. نعيد توزيع أماكن المخزونات ونتأكد من اننا أجرينا التقييم واننا مستعدون للبدء في نهاية الامر.”

ويرجع التردد في اقامة مخيمات لاجئين لاسباب منها الحساسيات التاريخية بشأن موجات اللاجئين الفلسطينيين الذين فروا من اسرائيل وبعضهم اصبح لاعبا اساسيا في الحرب الاهلية المدمرة في لبنان.

وتسلط هذه القضية الضوء أيضا على الانقسام السياسي الحالي في البلاد. ودعا بعض الاعداء اللبنانيين للرئيس السوري بشار الاسد علانية الى اقامة مخيمات على امل ان يسلط ذلك الضوء على الانتفاضة المستمرة منذ نحو عامين وقتل فيها عدد يقدر بنحو 60 الف شخص.

وفضلت حكومة رئيس الوزراء اللبناني نجيب ميقاتي التي يهيمن عليها حلفاء الاسد ومن بينهم حزب الله دعم جهود المساعدات لايواء اللاجئين السنة في منازل ومدارس بمجتماعات سنية.

ويقول عمال المساعدات ان اسباب القلق السياسي حدت من قدرتهم على المساعدة اثناء العام الاول من الصراع وخاصة في سهل البقاع حيث تعيش على مقربة جيوب من المسيحيين والشيعة الموالين لحزب الله والسنة الذين يؤيدون المقاتلين السوريين المسلحين.

ومازال كفاحهم مستمرا. فقد جاء في تقرير لمنظمة أطباء بلا حدود الفرنسية ان نصف اللاجئين في لبنان لا يحصلون على رعاية طبية كافية ويعيش كثيرون غيرهم في ملاجيء لا تناسب فصل الشتاء.

ورفعت المفوضية تسجيل عدد اللاجئين الجدد الى 40 الف شهريا لكن حتى هذا لا يلبي ايقاع وصول اللاجئين ولا يمكن للمفوضية زيادة جهودها أكثر من هذا.

وقالت كيلي انه رغم انه في الشهر الماضي في مؤتمر الامم المتحدة في الكويت بلغت قيمة التعهدات 1.5 مليار دولار للمساعدات الانسانية للسوريين فان عمليات الامم المتحدة داخل لبنان حصلت حتى الان على 15 في المئة فقط من احتياجات التمويل.

وقالت “مشكلتنا في الوقت الراهن هي ببساطة انه ليس لدينا الاموال الكافية لتغطية اللاجئين المسجلين وجميع الوافدين الجدد بنسبة مئة في المئة

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