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كفاح مسلح في جنوب الفيليبين المسلم

فيلبيينتشتد المعارك بين القوات الحكومية الفلبينية والمتمردين المسلمين في مدينة زامبوأنجا الساحلية بجنوبي البلاد، على الرغم من جهود تستهدف التوصل إلى وقف لإطلاق النار بين الجانبين. وقد أدت المعارك إلى مقتل أكثر من خمسين شخصا حتى الآن.

وقد توجه الرئيس الفلبيني، بينينيو أكينو، ونائبه، جيجومار بيناي، إلى المدينة من أجل إجراء مفاوضات لإنهاء القتال مع جبهة تحرير مورو الوطنية المتمردة، التي يحتجز مقاتلوها عشرات الرهائن. وتأتي زيارة بيناي بعد خمسة أيام من القتال بين مسلحي “جبهة تحرير مورو الوطنية” الذين تسللوا إليها قبل أيام واحتجزوا عددا من الرهائن والقوات الحكومية.

وتقول الحكومة إن نائب الرئيس وزعيم المتمردين، نور ميسيواري، اتفقا على إبرام هدنة بين الطرفين خلال محادثة هاتفية جمعت بينهما الجمعة، لكن المتمردين فشلوا في تطبيق بنودها.

ومن المفروض أن ينهي الاتفاق احتجاز المتمردين مدة خمسة أيام لنحو 100 من السكان، في مدينة زامبوانغا، حيث قتل 22 شخصا في اشتباكهم مع الجيش الفلبيني.

ويقاتل مسلحو “الجبهة الوطنية لتحرير مورو” لإنشاء دولة مستقلة في الإقليم الواقع جنوب الفلبين وتقطنه أغلبية مسلمة.

وهاجمت مجموعات تضم 100 مسلح على الأقل من المتمردين جزيرة باسيلان القريبة وقتلوا شخصا وجرحوا 11 آخرين.

وسمع دوي ثلاثة انفجارات متتالية ناجمة عن قذائف هاون أو قنابل سقطت قرب وحدة عسكرية تقاتل المتمردين في منطقة سانتا كاتالينا في زامبوانغا مما أدى إلى إصابة خمسة من موظفي الصليب الأحمر وجنديين.

وقالت وزيرة الشؤون الاجتماعية كورازون سليمان إن 24 ألف شخص على الأقل فروا من القتال وطلبت السلطات من عدد أكبر من المواطنين مغادرة أحيائهم حيث يختبئ نحو 180 مسلحا منذ الإثنين الماضي.

قوافل كبيرة

وشوهدت قوافل كبيرة من الأليات تغادر مناطق الإشتباكات الجمعة وعلى متنها مئات المدنيين بعدما أصدرت الحكومة أوامر لجميع السكان البالغ عددهم 160 الفا بمغادرة زامبوانغا والمنطقة المحيطة بها.

وبدأت الأزمة عندما منعت القوات الحكومية أنصار مؤسس “جبهة تحرير مورو الوطنية” نور ميسواري من الزحف على دار البلدية في زامبوانغا قبيل فجر الإثنين لرفع علم “الاستقلال”.

ويتهم ميسواري الحكومة بانتهاك بنود اتفاقية السلام الموقعة بين الجانبين عام 1996 باجرائها مفاوضات
منفصلة مع فصيل منشق عن جبهته وهو “جبهة تحرير مورو الإسلامية”.

ودخلت “جبهة تحرير مورو الإسلامية” المراحل النهائية من محادثات السلام مع مانيلا ومن المتوقع أن تتولى الحكم الذاتي الإسلامي الموسع في المنطقة بحلول 2016.

وتهدف الاتفاقية إلى إنهاء كفاح مسلح لأبناء الإقليم المسلمين أوقع نحو 150 ألف قتيل في جنوب الفلبين منذ سبعينيات القرن الماضي.

ولا يشارك ميسواري في تلك المفاوضات لكنه منفتح على الفكرة حسب ما أكده المتحدث باسمه أبسالوم سيرفيزا.

وكان نور ميسواري قد أسس “جبهة تحرير مورو الوطنية” عام 1971 وهي فيلق مسلح يقاتل السلطات المركزية في الفلبين لإعلان استقلال إقليم مورو وتأسيس دولة مستقلة في الجنوب.

وإثر خلافات داخل الجبهة انشق فصيل كبير عن الجبهة الأم وكونوا “جبهة تحرير مورو الإسلامية” التي تسعى لتأسيس دولة إسلامية في الإقليم.

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