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ماكرون يدعو العراق إلى تفكيك الفصائل المسلحة بمافيها الحشد الشعبي

دعا الرئيس الفرنسي إيمانويل ماكرون يوم السبت العراق إلى تفكيك كل الفصائل المسلحة بما فيها قوات الحشد الشعبي المدعومة من إيران في طلب علني نادر من نوعه من قائد غربي بارز.

الرئيس الفرنسي إيمانويل ماكرون لدى استقباله رئيس وزراء كردستان العراق نيجيرفان برزاني بقصر الاليزيه يوم السبت – رويترز

وسلطت دعوة ماكرون، التي جاءت بعد اجتماع مع قادة أكراد عراقيين في باريس، الضوء على التوازن الصعب الذي تحاول بغداد تحقيقه بين حلفائها في الحرب على تنظيم الدولة الإسلامية وإيران والقوى الغربية إذ لا تتفق رؤى تلك الأطراف.

وتتهم السلطات الكردية قوات الحشد الشعبي، وأغلبها من الشيعة، بارتكاب انتهاكات واسعة النطاق بحق الأكراد في مناطق مختلطة عرقيا.

والاجتماع الذي عقد مع رئيس حكومة كردستان العراق نيجيرفان برزاني ونائبه قوباد طالباني كان أول اجتماع دولي رفيع المستوى تعقده القيادة الكردية بعد إجراء استفتاء على استقلال كردستان عن العراق في 25 سبتمبر أيلول.

وقال ماكرون في مؤتمر صحفي مشترك مع برزاني وطالباني ”من الضروري تطبيق نزع سلاح تدريجي خاصة من قوات الحشد الشعبي التي رسخت وضعها في السنوات القليلة الماضية في العراق، وتفكيك كل الفصائل المسلحة تدريجيا“.

ودعا ماكرون إلى حوار في العراق بين الحكومة المركزية وحكومة إقليم كردستان في إطار الدستور العراقي وأضاف أنه مقتنع بأن إجراء ”حوار بناء“ قد يؤدي إلى رفع القيود المفروضة على المنطقة الكردية.

وصوت الأكراد بأغلبية ساحقة لصالح الانفصال عن العراق في الاستفتاء في تحد للحكومة المركزية في بغداد وفي خطوة أثارت قلق تركيا وإيران المجاورتين اللتين تضمان أقليات كردية على أراضيهما.

وردت الحكومة العراقية بالسيطرة على مدينة كركوك التي كانت بيد الأكراد ومناطق أخرى متنازع عليها مع كردستان كما حظرت الرحلات الجوية المباشرة إلى كردستان وأمرت بالسيطرة على المعابر الحدودية.

وتنحى مسعود برزاني رئيس إقليم كردستان لفترة طويلة بسبب الأزمة وسعت حكومة الإقليم التي يقودها الآن ابن شقيقه نيجيرفان إلى التفاوض لإنهاء المواجهة مع بغداد.

وقال رئيس حكومة إقليم كردستان يوم السبت إنه يرى أن فرنسا تلعب دورا لإنهاء النزاع مع بغداد وإن حكومته تحترم حكما صدر في العشرين من نوفمبر تشرين الثاني من المحكمة الاتحادية العليا بأن الاستفتاء غير دستوري ونتائجه ملغاة.

ونقلت محطة روداو ومقرها أربيل عن برزاني قوله ”فيما يخص الاستفتاء، نحن في مرحلة جديدة، وهذه المسألة انتهت وقد أوضحنا موقفنا في حكومة إقليم كردستان“.

ودعا ماكرون إلى تطبيق تأجل لفترة طويلة للمادة 140 من الدستور العراقي لتسوية النزاعات على المناطق بين بغداد وكردستان.

ودعت المادة 140 من الدستور إلى إجراء استفتاء بنهاية 2007 في كركوك الغنية بالنفط ومناطق أخرى تطالب بغداد وكردستان بالسيادة عليها لتحديد ما إذا كان سكان تلك المناطق يريدون أن يكونوا جزءا من كردستان أم لا.

ولم يجر هذا الاستفتاء قط وساق إقليم كردستان ذلك كأحد الأسباب على إجراء استفتاء من جانب واحد على الاستقلال في الإقليم.

ويقول الأكراد إنهم كانوا أغلبية في تلك المناطق حتى السبعينيات عندما شنت حكومة الرئيس الراحل صدام حسين حملة لطردهم وتسكين عرب في مكانهم.

ومهد الغزو الذي قادته الولايات المتحدة في 2003 والذي أطاح بصدام حسين لعودة الأكراد لتلك المناطق.

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