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القوات الاثيوبية تشدد الخناق على “حركة الشباب الاسلامية”

تواصل قوات الجيش الاثيوبي، الاربعاء، زحفها نحو بيداوة، احد اكبر معاقل حركة الشباب الاسلامية في جنوب الصومال، مرغمة مقاتلي الحركة على الانسحاب من مواقعهم.

وعشية المؤتمر الدولي حول الصومال الذي سينعقد الخميس في لندن تزداد القوات الاثيوبية، التي توغلت في جنوب وغرب البلاد، اقترابا من بيداوة، حسب مسؤولين وشهود، وستكون السيطرة على المدينة اختراقا مهما في الهجوم العسكري الاقليمي على المتمردين حيث ان بيداوة كانت، قبل ان يسيطر عليها المتمردون، مقر البرلمان الانتقالي الصومالي من 2006 الى 2009.
وافاد بعض سكان مدينة بردال ان مقاتلي الشباب بداوا ينسحبون منذ مساء الثلاثاء. وشنت القوات الاثيوبية الثلاثاء هجوما كبيرا في اتجاه بيداوة واكد المسؤول في قوات الحكومة الانتقالية محمد ابراهيم حبساد المتواجد على خط الجبهة في بيداوة، لـ”فرانس برس” ان قواته سيطرت على بردال بدون معارك.
وقال حبساد الذي كان زعيم ميليشيا الروحانيين المحلية واصبح نائبا، ان “القوات الاثيوبية التي تساعدنا سيطرت على بردال وسنواصل الزحف حتى نسيطر على بيداوة قريبا جدا”. وتابع ان “المتطرفين لم يقاوموا بل فروا وسنواصل مطاردتهم حتى استئصالهم”.
واكد المتمردون انهم انسحبوا لتعزيز مواقع اخرى تحسبا للزحف الاثيوبي، لكن حبساد قال ان الهجوم الحالي “لن يترك اي منطقة تحت سيطرة الارهابيين” الذين “سيطردون من كل قرية ومدينة يسيطرون عليها”.
وافاد شهود في بيداوة ان عائلات معظمها من انصار الشباب هربت من المدينة في اتجاه افغويي التي يسيطر عليها المتمردون لكن القوات الصومالية القادمة من مقديشو تقترب منها على مسافة ثلاثين كلم جنوبا. وقد تراجع اسلاميو حركة الشباب، التي توعدت بالاطاحة بالحكومة الانتقالية، في اب/ اغسطس عن مواقعهم في مقديشو لكنهم ما زالوا يسيطرون على معظم مناطق جنوب ووسط البلاد. وباتوا يخضعون لضغط عسكري من قوة السلام الافريقية والجيشين الكيني والاثيوبي في جنوب ووسط البلاد المحرومة من حكومة فعلية وتعاني من حرب اهلية منذ عشرين سنة.
وفي محاولة لاخراج البلاد من الفوضى ينعقد مؤتمر دولي حول الصومال الخميس في لندن يشارك فيه، الى جانب المسؤولين الصوماليين ممثلو اربعين حكومة من بينهم رئيس الوزراء الاثيوبي ميليس زيناوي والرئيس الكيني مواي كيباكي الذي تشارك بلاده ايضا عسكريا في الهجوم على حركة الشباب في جنوب الصومال، ونظيره الاوغندي يويري موسيفيني الذي تساهم بلاده باكبر عديد من الجنود في قوة السلام الافريقية في الصومال “اميصوم”، التي يفترض ان يصادق مجلس الامن الدولي الاربعاء على الزيادة في عديدها من 9700 الى 17731 رجلا.
وساهمت الجهود العسكرية المتزامنة التي تبذلها دول شرق افريقيا ضد حركة الشباب في تشديد الخناق على المتمردين خلال الاشهر الاخيرة لكن المحللين والدبلوماسيين يحذرون من ان القوة وحدها لا تكفي لاخراج البلاد من دوامة العنف وانعدام الاستقرار السياسي المزمن منذ سقوط الرئيس محمد سياد بري في 1991.
وقد اختبرت اثيوبيا ذلك وهي التي شنت هجوما كبيرا على الصومال في 2006 وارسلت ثلاثين الف جندي لقلب نظام المحاكم الاسلامية الذي كان حينها يسيطر على جنوب البلاد، لكن جيشها اضطر الى الانسحاب بعد ثلاثة اعوام دون استتباب النظام بشكل دائم بل تسبب حتى في خلق ظروف تاسيس حركة الشباب.

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