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بوتين: تخفيض الأسلحة النووية مقابل التخلي عن الدرع الصاروخي

قال الرئيس الروسي فلاديمير بوتين أمس الجمعة إن موسكو منفتحة على فكرة اجراء تخفيضات جديدة للأسلحة النووية بشكل متبادل إذا بددت واشنطن مخاوف موسكو بشأن نظام الدفاع الصاروخي في أوروبا الذي تقوده الولايات المتحدة.
وقال بوتين إن منع انتشار أسلحة الدمار الشامل “قضية اساسية في جدول الأعمال العالمي” وإن تقيد روسيا بمعاهدة خفض الأسلحة النووية الاستراتيجية (ستارت) الجديدة الموقعة في 2010 والتي خفضت الترسانتين النوويتين للبلدين دليل على التزام موسكو بنزع السلاح النووي.
وقال في رسالة مكتوبة إلى اجتماع لمؤتمر أطباء دوليون لمنع الحرب النووية المنعقد في هيروشيما باليابان “روسيا منفتحة على مبادرات جديدة في هذا المجال.” وأضاف قائلا “في الوقت نفسه فمن الواضح أن تحقيقها لن يكون ممكنا إلا على أساس عادل ومتبادل وإذا اخذت في الاعتبار كل العوامل المؤثرة على الأمن الدولي والاستقرار الاستراتيجي.”
وتشمل تلك العوامل ما وصفه “بالنشر الاحادي الجانب وغير المحدود بالمرة لنظام دفاعي صاروخي أمريكي عالمي” إلى جانب احتمال نشر اسلحة في الفضاء وغياب التكافؤ في الأسلحة التقليدية في أوروبا.
وخطط الولايات المتحدة لإقامة درع دفاعية صاروخية في اوروبا بدأت واشنطن نشرها بالفعل هي مصدر توتر رئيسي في العلاقات الأمريكية الروسية رغم قرار الرئيس الأمريكي باراك أوباما تقليص الخطط الأصلية.
وتقول واشنطن إن الدرع تهدف لمواجهة تهديد محتمل من ايران ولن تشكل تهديدا لروسيا. لكن موسكو تقول إن الصواريخ الاعتراضية في النظام ستكون قادرة على تدمير الرؤوس الحربية الروسية في الجو بحلول 2018 مما يخل بتوازن القوى بعد الحرب الباردة ويضعف الترسانة النووية الروسية.
وفي مرسوم بشأن السياسة الخارجية اصدره في السابع من مايو ايار يوم تنصيبه لفترة رئاسية من ست سنوات جدد بوتين مطالب موسكو لضمانات أمريكية مؤكدة بأن الدرع غير موجهة ضد روسيا.
وقبل ذلك بأربعة ايام قال رئيس أركان القوات المسلحة الروسية إن موسكو قد تشن ضربات استباقية ضد منشآت مستقبلية للدفاع الصاروخي في أوروبا لحماية أمنها.
وسيشمل النظام الدفاعي الأوروبي منشات لصواريخ اعتراضية في بولندا ورومانيا ومحطة للرادار في تركيا وصواريخ اعتراضية ورادارات على متن سفن في البحر المتوسط.

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