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مصارف قبرص مقفلة والقبارصة في الشارع

ارجئت النقاشات البرلمانية في قبرص حول خطة الانقاذ الاوروبية واعلن مصدر اوروبي أن مفاوضات جارية بين السلطات القبرصية والجهات المانحة لمراجعة الضريبة على الودائع المصرفية في البلاد والتي اثارت قلقاً كبيراً في الاسواق المالية. وقال المصدر إن «السلطات القبرصية تضع اللمسات الاخيرة على اقتراح جديد يمكن ان يعتمده البرلمان» ويحد من آثار هذه الضريبة على صغار المودعين. وفيما دعت نقابات الى التظاهر امام البرلمان. وتعمل نيقوسيا على اقتراح من المفوضية الاوروبية لخفض نسبة الضريبة على الودائع المصرفية التي تقل عن مئة الف يورو في اطار الضريبة الاستثنائية التي تقررت من اجل انقاذ البلاد من الافلاس.
وكانت قبرص قد اضطرت الى القبول بفرض ضريبة استثنائية على الحسابات المصرفية  ما سيؤدي الى جباية ما مجموعه 5,8 مليارات يورو وذلك مقابل حصولها على قرض اوروبي بقيمة عشرة مليارات يورو. وكان الاتفاق ينص على أن يخضع كل اصحاب الحسابات المصرفية للضريبة، من يحوي حسابه أقل من مئة الف يورو يدفع ما نسبته ٦،٧٥ في المئة في حين تفرض نسبة ٩،٩ في المئة على كل المبالغ التي تفوق الـمئة الف يورو.
يطال هذا القبارصة ولكن آلاف من الاجانب خصوصاً االروس الذين يلجأون إلى المصارف القبرصية لسهولة المعاملات المصرفية فيها وللسرية المصرفية التي اشتهرت بها الجزيرة.  وهذ هي المرة الاولى التي يفرض فيها رسم على الحسابات المصرفية في إطار خطة إنقاذ، كما أنه  قرار غير مسبوق في الاتحاد الاوروبي حيث توحد ضمانة دستورية لحماية كل الودائع تحت سقف الـ ١٠٠ ألف يورو. ويتخوف القبارصة من أن تفقد الجزيرة موقعها كمركزاً مالياً جذاباً بعد فرض الرسوم على الودائع المصرفية وزيادة الضريبة على الشركات والتي كانت الأدنى في أوروبا بحدود الـ ١٠ في المئة. لكنها سترتفع الى ١٢،٥ في المئة. وخو ما دفعهم للنزول إلى الشارع للاحتجاج.
كما يعتبر القبارصة أنهم ضحية التضامن الاوروبي لان دولتهم اضطرت الى شطب قسم كبير من الديون اليونانية. إذ كلفت العملية المصارف القبرصية ٤،٥ مليار يورو. ما تسبب بعجز مصرفين طلاب مساعدة الدولة العاجزة بسبب مديونية كبيرة لا تتيح لها الاقتراض من الاسواق الدولية، وهو ما دقعها لطلب مساعدة أوروبية.
وفي حال لم يتم التوافق بحلول نهاية الاسبوع، يمكن ان تبقى المصارف مقفلة اليوم الثلاثاء خشية يهرول القبارصة لسحب ودائعهم ما قد يؤدي الى انهيار شديد للسوق.

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