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نظام عالمي جديد بقيادة …الصين

افتتحت في سانتا كروز ببوليفيا مساء السبت قمة لمجموعة ال77 + الصين تحت شعار “اقامة نظام عالمي جديد” بهدف تعزيز البنية المؤسسية لهذه المجموعة غير المتجانسة من الدول وتعزيز التنمية الاقتصادية عبر التعاون جنوب-جنوب.

ويصادف عقد هذه القمة في الذكرى الخمسين لقيام هذه المجموعة التي تأسست في 1964 في جنيف من 77 دولة وباتت تضم اليوم 134 دولة اي حوالى ثلثي اعضاء الجمعية العامة للامم المتحدة.

وسبق الافتتاح الرسمي للقمة تجمع في استاد في سانتا كروز شارك فيه الاف الاشخاص بينهم نقابيون وممثلون عن مجموعات السكان الاصليين وكذلك ايضا مجموعات تراثية.

وامام مضيف القمة الرئيس البوليفي ايفو موراليس، القى رئيس الاكوادور رافاييل كوريا، أحد اعمدة اليسار الراديكالي في اميركا اللاتينية، كلمة دعا فيها الى الوحدة وانتقد محاولة “الانتهاء من الحكومات التقدمية والوطنية”.

من جهته دعا الرئيس الكوبي راوول كاسترو الدول المشاركة في القمة الى الدفاع عن فنزويلا. وقال “بدفاعنا عن فنزويلا انما ندافع عن بوليفيا وسائر اميركا خاصتنا”.

واضاف كاسترو ان “الاوليغارشيين الذين لم يتمكنوا من التغلب على الرئيس (الفنزويلي الراحل) هوغو شافيز يعتقدون أن الوقت قد حان للإطاحة بالرئيس (الفنزويلي نيكولا) مادورو وبالثورة البوليفارية (…) فلندافع عن وحدتنا”.

من ناحيته قال مادورو “نحن نواجه مؤامرة ترمي الى تقسيم وطننا، وترمي الى اغراقه في العنف، وترمي الى تبرير تدخل دولي في شؤونه، وكل هذا بهدف الاستيلاء على اكبر احتياطي نفطي في العالم”، داعيا الى قيام “نظام اقتصادي عالمي جديد”.

اما ايفو موراليس فوجه في كلمته تحذيرا الى الولايات المتحدة ورئيسها باراك اوباما. وقال “اذا واصل السيد اوباما الاعتداء على شعب فنزويلا فانه، وفي مواجهة الاستفزاز والاعتداء، ستصبح فنزويلا واميركا اللاتينية بأسرها فيتنام ثانية للولايات المتحدة”.

وكان موراليس استقبل خلال النهار مندوب الصين الى القمة نائب رئيس اللجنة الدائمة للمجلس الوطني لنواب الشعب الصيني تشن تشو الذي وضع في تصرف بوليفيا قرضا بقيمة 80 مليون دولار لتحديث شركة الطيران البوليفية “بوا” وشراء اربع طائرات.

بدوره قدم النائب الاول للرئيس الايراني اسحق جهنكيري لموراليس خطا ائتمانيا بقيمة 200 مليون دولار لتطوير قطاعات الطب والصناعة الدوائية والزراعة.

أما آخر الرؤساء الذين وصلوا الى بوليفيا لحضور القمة فكان رئيس الاوروغواي خوسيه موخيكا الذي قال لدى وصوله “يوما ما ستصبح أعلامنا علما واحدا”، علم “الوطن الكبير”، في اشارة الى حلم قيام اتحاد بين دول اميركا اللاتينية الذي يراود الكثيرين.

ومن المفترض ان يصدر عن القمة اعلان ختامي الاحد يتضمن خصوصا، بحسب المنظمين، رؤية الدول المشاركة بشأن الأهداف الإنمائية للألفية التابعة للأمم المتحدة ولا سيما الحد من الفقر المدقع ووفيات الاطفال وتوفير التعليم والمساواة بين الجنسين وتطبيق التنمية المستديمة.

وهذه القمة الدولية، الاولى في بوليفيا، وصفها موراليس ب”التاريخية”، مؤكد ان نجاحها “سيعطي مكانة لاميركا اللاتينية بأسرها”.

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