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أوباما يعبر من هافانا الى طهران

najat-charaf-dineنجاة شرف الدين

إنتظر الرئيس الأميركي باراك أوباما طويلا قبل أن يشرح ” عقيدته ”  كما سماها الكاتب توماس فريدمان . أراد أوباما أن يوجه رسائله بكافة الإتجاهات للحلفاء والأخصام ، إلا أن هدفه الأبرز كان الدفاع عن إنجازه الذي يعتبره تاريخيا وهو إتفاق الإطار الذي تم التوصل إليه مع إيران يوم الخميس الماضي في جنيف ، بعد مفاوضات شاقة تم التمديد لها ليومين بعد تجاوز الموعد المحدد في نهاية آذار . أوباما الذي تجاوز معظم الإنتقادات الداخلية عبر الجمهوريين والخارجية عبر إسرائيل وآخرها كان زيارة رئيس الوزراء الإسرائيلي بنيامين نتانياهو الى واشنطن وإلقاءه خطابه في الكونغرس ، أكد في الوقت نفسه في مقابلته مع فريدمان لصحيفة نيويورك تايمز ، دفاعه وطمأنته في الوقت نفسه لإسرائيل عبر قوله  ” ما نفعله عبر هذا الاتفاق هو توجيه رسالة واضحة للإيرانيين ولكل المنطقة ، أن أي مَس  بإسرائيل، فأميركا ستكون موجودة ” معتبرا أن أي إضعاف لإسرائيل يشكل فشلا ذريعا لرئاسته .

أوباما الذي إعتبر الإتفاق فرصة تأتي مرة واحدة ، وجه أيضا رسالة للإيرانيين بإشارته الى أن الأخطار التي تهدد الدول الحليفة لواشنطن كالسعودية ،” قد لا تنجم عن تهديد إيراني ” بل عن حالة عدم الرضا والإستياء التي تسود شعوبها ، داعيا الى مواجهة داعش والى التقليل من التوتر بين الرياض وطهران . هذا الموقف الذي إعتبره المراقبون رسالة تطمين إيرانية ، كان إستبقه بالدعوة الى اجتماع كامب ديفيد للزعماء الخليجيين لشرح تفاصيل تتعلق بالأتفاق وإزالة الهواجس لدى هذه الدول الحليفة للولايات المتحدة .
مما لا شك فيه أن الرئيس الأميركي أجرى من خلال هذا الاتفاق ، ولو لم يصبح نهائيا بعد بانتظار إستكمال المباحثات حتى الثلاثين من حزيران ، تحولا جذريا في المشهد السياسي إن بالنسبة لطهران أم بالنسبة لواشنطن ، والاحتفالات التي إستمرت أياما في إيران تؤشر الى مدى إنعكاس ذلك إرتياحا في الشارع الإيراني ، وَمِمَّا لا شك فيه ان أوباما الذي يستمع في إستشاراته الى عدد قليل من المستشارين والمقربين ، لديه بالفعل عقيدة ويود تطبيقها  في الملفات التي يطرحها وهو يسير بها الى النهاية ، كما فعل بإعادة العلاقات الدبلوماسية مع كوبا  ، إلا أن الوقت القليل المتبقي له في ولايته الثانية قبل بدأ الحملات الإنتخابية في العام المقبل ، يطرح علامات إستفهام عن إمكانية إستكمال أو حتى الإستفادة من هذه الإنجازات في تحقيق إنتصار لحزبه الديمقراطي في العام 2016 .
يبدو أن أوباما الذي أراد إبعاد نفسه عن الحروب المباشرة منذ وصوله الى سدة الرئاسة ، ومارس سياسية “anti ” جورج دبليو بوش ، قدم نموذجا في سياسة التفاوض التي رأى أنها ” قد تخدم المصالح الأميركية بشكل أفضل” وهو أراد أيضا في لقاءه مع فريدمان الإشارة الى ما حصل في الحوار مع كوبا معتبرا أن عقيدته “ندخل في الحوار ونحافظ على قدراتنا ” .
أنهى أوباما الملف الكوبي بعد خمسين عاما ، وهو ينهي الملف الإيراني بعد ستة وثلاثين عاما ولكن السؤال الأبرز والمتعلق بالمشهد الهوليوودي الأميركي المتكامل ، هل يستطيع أوباما أن يعبر  بسيارته المكشوفة من هافانا الى طهران  من دون أضرار جانبية ؟

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