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سوريا: بعد مجزرة باريس… لقاء فيينا ٢ هدفه هزيمة «داعش»

Capture d’écran 2015-11-14 à 23.26.24أعدت الولايات المتحدة وروسيا وقوى والقوى المشاركة في لقاء فيينا خطة أمس السبت لعملية سياسية في سوريا تفضي إلى اجراء انتخابات خلال عامين لكن الخلافات لا تزال قائمة حول مصير الرئيس بشار الأسد.

واتفق وزراء خارجية ومسؤولون كبار من اكثر من 10 دول على السعي لوقف اطلاق النار لكن وزير الخارجية الأمريكي جون كيري قال إن هذا لن يشمل تنظيم الدولة الإسلامية.

وبعد محادثات السبت التي بدأت بالوقوف دقيقة حدادا على أرواح ضحايا مجزرة باريس قال كيري متحدثا بالفرنسية في مؤتمر صحفي مشترك مع نظيره الروسي إن الهجمات لن تزيد بلاده إلا تصميما على مكافحة الارهاب. وقال كيري “تأثير الحرب ينزف في جميع دولنا..حان وقت توقف النزيف في سوريا.”

وأدت هجمات باريس إلى تحول تركيز محادثات السلام السورية في فيينا إلى هزيمة الدولة الإسلامية عسكريا بدلا من التفاصيل المتعلقة بالمنظمات التي ستصنف كجماعات معارضة وليست إرهابية والتي يمكنها المشاركة في عملية سياسية في سوريا.

ويبدو أيضا أن روسيا والولايات المتحدة غضتا الطرف ايضا عن خلافهما القائم منذ فترة طويلة بشأن مصير الأسد. ويقول الغرب وحلفاؤه إنه يتعين رحيل الأسد عن السلطة في حين تؤيد موسكو وطهران الحليفتان للأسد إجراء انتخابات يمكنه المشاركة فيها.

وقال كيري “ما زلنا مختلفين بكل وضوح بشأن مسألة ما الذي سيحدث مع بشار الأسد..لكننا نعول على العملية السياسية نفسها -بقيادة السوريين والتي ستمضي قدما ويتفاوض فيها سوريون مع سوريين- في أن تسهم في طي هذه الصفحة المزعجة.”

وفي بيان مشترك وضعت الدول المشاركة في المحادثات ومنها السعودية وإيران وتركيا والدول الخمس دائمة العضوية في مجلس الأمن خطة تشمل اجراء محادثات رسمية بين الحكومة والمعارضة بحلول الأول من يناير كانون الثاني.

ولم يوضح البيان الكيفية التي سيتم بها اختيار تلك الجماعات. واستعصى على المفاوضين الاتفاق على قائمة المنظمات السياسية والجماعات الارهابية.

وتعهد المشاركون في المحادثات أيضا “باتخاذ كل الخطوات الممكنة” لضمان التزامهم والجماعات التي يدعمونها بوقف اطلاق النار في سوريا.

وقال البيان “أكدت (الدول) دعمها لوقف اطلاق النار…ولعملية يقودها السوريون تفضي خلال ستة أشهر إلى حكومة جديرة بالثقة لا تقصي أحدا وغير طائفية وتضع جدولا زمنيا لعملية صياغة دستور جديد.”

وقال وزير الخارجية الروسي سيرجي لافروف إن معظم ولكن ليس كل الدول المشاركة في المحادثات تؤيد التوصل إلى هدنة فورية.

وجاء في البيان المشترك “يتوقع المشاركون الاجتماع خلال شهر تقريبا من أجل مراجعة التقدم الذي أحرز نحو تطبيق وقف اطلاق النار وبدء العملية السياسية.”

وتنص الخطة أيضا على اجراء انتخابات وفقا لدستور جديد وبإشراف الأمم المتحدة “خلال 18 شهرا” دون تحديد موعد محدد

 

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