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ايران-الصين: تبادل تجاري بـ ٦٠٠ مليار دولار

Capture d’écran 2016-01-24 à 01.12.40اعلن الرئيس الايراني حسن روحاني السبت فتح صفحة جديدة في العلاقات مع الصين بعد مباحثاته مع الرئيس شي جينبينغ الذي يقوم بجولة في المنطقة بهدف تنمية النفوذ الاقتصادي للصين.

وقال روحاني ان ايران قررت تعزيز علاقاتها الاقتصادية مع العملاق الآسيوي ورفعها الى مستوى 600 مليار دولار خلال السنوات العشر المقبلة.

وتم بالاجمال خلال هذه الزيارة توقيع 17 اتفاقية تعاون في المجالات السياسية والاقتصادية والامن والتعاون في مجال الطاقة النووية السلمية.

وقال روحاني في كلمة نقلها التلفزيون الرسمي وبجانبه شي “مع زيارة الرئيس الصيني لطهران والاتفاقيات الموقعة تبدأ صفحة جديدة في العلاقات بين طهران وبكين”.

وزيارة شي جينبينغ هي الاولى لرئيس صيني الى ايران منذ 14 عاما وتأتي بعد اسبوع من رفع العقوبات الاقتصادية عن طهران مع بدء تطبيق الاتفاق النووي المعقود بين ايران والقوى العظمى، ومنها الصين.

وقال شي في تصريحات نقلتها وكالة الانباء الايرانية ان “ايران شريك رئيسي للصين في الشرق الاوسط والبلدان اختارا تعزيز علاقاتهما الثنائية (…) الصين وايران هما من البلدان النامية المهمة وعليهما ان يواصلا التعاون على المستويين الاقليمي والدولي”.

ولطالما نأت الصين بنفسها عن النزاعات في الشرق الاوسط، لكن المحللين يرون ان المنطقة باتت أساسية في الاستراتيجية التنموية السياسية الخارجية التي اقترحها شي والتي تحمل عنوان “حزام طريق الحرير الاقتصادي” وتطمح الى احياء طريق الحرير القديم.

وتعتمد الصين كثيرا على استيراد الطاقة من الشرق الاوسط وتعتبر اكبر مستورد للنفط الايراني الذي خضع لسنوات للعقوبات الاقتصادية الاميركية والاوروبية بسبب برنامج طهران النووي.

ولم يعط مسؤولو البلدين اللذين بلغت المبادلات الاقتصادية بينهما 52 مليار دولار في 2014 تفاصيل حول هدف تنمية العلاقات الى 600 مليار دولار خلال عشر سنوات.

وذكرت وسائل الاعلام الايرانية ان اكثر من ثلث التجارة الايرانية تجري مع الصين.

– دور بناء –

واصدر الرئيسان بيانا مشتركا يحدد الخطوط العريضة ل”شراكة استراتيجية شاملة” بعيدة المدى.

واورد البيان الذي نشرته وكالة انباء “مهر” ان البلدين يتفقان على تعزيز التعاون بما فيه في مجال الوقود الاحفوري والطاقة المتجددة والنقل والسكك الحديد والمرافىء والصناعة والتجارة والخدمات.

واكد ان الصين التزمت “بالاستثمار وبتمويل مشاريع استخراج وتكرير” النفط في ايران.

على الصعيد الدبلوماسي، اضاف البيان ان “الصين تقر بالدور البناء لايران في التصدي للارهاب، ومن اجل الحفاظ على السلام والاستقرار في المنطقة”.

والرئيس الصيني الذي يرافقه ثلاثة نواب لرئيس الوزراء وستة وزراء، اصطحب معه وفدا اقتصاديا كبيرا ايضا.

والتقى شي مساء السبت المرشد الاعلى آية الله علي خامنئي الذي ذكر بان طهران “لن تنسى بتاتا” تاييد الصين لايران اثناء عزلتها بسبب العقوبات الدولية.

وقال خامنئي ان “الجمهورية الاسلامية سعت على الدوام الى اقامة علاقات مع بلدان موثوقة ومستقلة مثل الصين (…) الغربيون لم ينجحوا في كسب ثقة الامة الايرانية”.

وزار الرئيس الصيني في اطار جولته الاقليمية السعودية، اكبر مصدر للنفط الى الصين، ومن ثم مصر حيث وعد بقروض واستثمارات بقيمة 55 مليار دولار في الشرق الاوسط تعزيزا لحضور الصين الاقتصادي.

وقطعت الرياض علاقاتها الدبلوماسية مع ايران هذا الشهر بعد احراق مقري البعثتين السعوديتين خلال احتجاجات على اعدام رجل الدين الشيعي السعودي باقر نمر النمر. ودان خامنئي الاعتداء على مقر القنصلية والسفارة السعوديتين في ايران.

وتعد ايران الشيعية ابرز البلدان الداعمة لنظام الرئيس السوري بشار الاسد، وتقف في الخط المعارض للسعودية في كل الازمات الاقليمية، ولاسيما في سوريا والعراق واليمن والبحرين.

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